Understand the Covid-19
THE ORIGIN OF THE VIRUS
An epidemic
of pneumonia, described at the time as viral in nature and of unknown cause,
appeared in the city of Wuhan in December 2019.
The new
virus « coronavirus », in China was identified on January 9, 2020, named
SARS-CoV-2. This coronavirus causes a disease called « Covid-19 », by the World Health Organization - WHO.
Since March
11, 2020, the epidemic is now global, the WHO calls the global situation of
Covid-19 a pandemic.
The
coronaviruses are a family of viruses that cause diseases ranging from a simple
cold to more severe pathologies.

The pathologies associated with coronaviruses
The
coronaviruses can be pathogenic in mammals and birds of which they cause
various diseases more or less serious as:
ü Respiratory
infections, such as the common cold, have a seasonal evolution, with peaks in
spring and winter.
ü SARS (Severe
Acute Respiratory Syndrome), caused by SARS-CoV, was identified in 2003. This virus
is at the origin of an epidemic that began in late 2002 in China and caused
around 800 deaths.
According to the Ministry of Health in June 2015, the epidemic remains limited to the Arabian Peninsula.
The outbreak began in late December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, China, and has rapidly spread worldwide.
ü A respiratory
disease caused by an emerging coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 called Covid-19
(Coronavirus Disease-19).
Coronavirus transmission
The disease
is transmitted by:
ü By emission of
tiny contagious secretions by a carrier: by sneezing, coughing, or in case of
close contact in the absence of protective measures.
ü By the air, in
a confined space.
ü By indirect
contact, via objects or surfaces contaminated by a carrier whose virus is transmitted
to a healthy person who handles these objects, when he or she puts his or her
hands to the mouth.
ü By direct physical contact between a carrier and a healthy person, where the virus is transmitted to the healthy person when he or she puts his or her hands to the mouth.
The lifetime of the coronavirus on surfaces
« These
figures were obtained by projecting virus-laden droplets using small aerosol
cans, which is far from reality », warns Dr. Bruno Grandbastien.
The life
span of the virus depends on temperature and humidity. Indeed, coronaviruses
persist more at 22-25°C and a humidity level of 40-50%. They are less viable at
higher temperatures.
« And this
type of virus does not survive long outside. On surfaces, the amount of virus
decreases by half in 2 to 3 hours. », reassures Dr. Fabien Squinazi.
The
lifetime of the coronavirus on the different surfaces:
Surfaces |
Lifetime |
Carton |
24 hours |
Plastic |
3 days |
Stainless
steel |
3 days |
Glass |
4 days |
Wood |
4 days |
Copper |
4 hours |
Skin and
hair |
a few
minutes to a few hours |
Clothing |
up to 12
hours |
Prevention of coronavirus
Simple
gestures can protect your health and those around you by limiting the
transmission of the virus:
ü Regular and effective hand washing. It is recommended to run them underwater, Soap them with liquid soap and rub them for 30 seconds, A complete wash should include the nails, fingertips, palms and outside of the hands, knuckles and wrists, rinse with clean water, and dry hands on a clean towel or single-use hand towel.
ü The
hydroalcoholic gel, is an ally against epidemics.
ü Wearing a mask
is mandatory to avoid spreading the disease through coughing and sneezing.
ü, Avoid touching
your face.
ü, Maintain a
distance of at least 1.5 meters from any caller.
ü Greeting
without shaking hands, without hugs.
ü Air the rooms
well.
Symptoms of coronavirus
Infected
people develop a mild to moderate form of the disease and recover without
needing to be hospitalized. The symptoms of this virus are:
1. Most common
symptoms:
ü Fever
ü loss of taste
or smell
ü cough
ü fatigue
2. Less common
symptoms:
ü diarrhea
ü sore throat and
headache
ü aches and pains
ü redness or
irritation of the eyes
ü Rash or
discoloration of the skin
3. Severe
symptoms:
ü difficulty
breathing or shortness of breath
ü loss of speech
ü chest pain
ü difficulty moving around or confusion
Treatments against covid-19
If in doubt
of being affected by the disease, avoid contact with people around them. Limit
the movements, and do not visit the doctor or the emergency room, to avoid strong
contamination.
if the
symptoms are presented by cough and fever, it must remain at home, and avoid contact.
Teleconsultation with the attending doctor who will be able to offer him a
consultation and a diagnostic test according to the symptoms he presents.
If the symptoms aggravate with difficulty in respiration and signs of choking, call the SAMU, who will decide what to do.
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